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The term “metabolic syndrome” denotes a clustering of traditional and emerging risk factors for atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease. Moreover, individuals who satisfy the current diagnostic criteria that define the syndrome are also at substantially increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes—itself a coronary heart disease risk equivalent. Central obesity and insulin resistance are core features of the syndrome, which has come to be recognized as a major global threat to vascular health in the 21st century. The time is optimal for a textbook dedicated to this important issue. The metabolic syndrome has adverse implications for many aspects of vascular function ranging from endothelial function, the microvascular tree, medium-sized arteries, and large conduit vessels. Furthermore, gathering evidence suggests that interactions between small and large vessel disease may be more important than perhaps has previously been appreciated. There are fears that the successes in reducing...

The first edition of Brunner & Suddarth’s Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing was published in 1964 under the leadership of Lillian Sholtis Brunner and Doris Smith Suddarth. Lillian and Doris pioneered a medical-surgical nursing textbook that has become a classic. Medical-surgical nursing has come a long way since 1964 but continues to be strongly influenced by the expansion of science, medicine, surgery, and technology, as well as a myriad of social, cultural, economic, and environmental changes throughout the world. Nurses must be particularly skilled in critical thinking and clinical decision-making as well as in consulting and collaborating with other members of the multidisciplinary health care team. Along with the challenges that today’s nurses confront, there are many opportunities to provide skilled, compassionate nursing care in a variety of health care settings, for patients in the various stages of illness, and for patients across the age continuum. At the same time, ...

The term behavioural sciences encompasses all the disciplines that explore the activities of and interactions among organisms in the natural world. It involves the systematic analysis and investigation of human and animal behaviour through controlled and naturalistic observation, and disciplined scientific experimentation. It attempts to accomplish legitimate, objective conclusions through rigorous formulations and observation.[1] Examples of behavioural sciences include psychology, psychobiology, and cognitive science. The term behavioural sciences is often confused with the term social sciences. Though these two broad areas are interrelated and study systematic processes of behaviour, they differ on their level of scientific analysis of various dimensions of behaviour. Behavioural sciences abstract empirical data to investigate the decision processes and communication strategies within and between organisms in a social system. This involves fields like psychology, social neuroscienc...